Recovery of shoulder range of motion after proximal humerus fracture: A quantitative research on rehabilitation progression, gender differences and the prognostic value of initial mobility

Recovery of shoulder motion

Abstract

Background: Proximal humerus fractures are the most common upper limb injuries, affecting the mobility of the shoulder, affecting independence, and quality of life, especially in older adults. Rehabilitation is very important in functional recovery and in preventing chronic disability. Objective: To analyze the duration and progression of range of motion recovery after conservative treatment of proximal humerus fractures and to examine the influence of gender and initial range of motion on rehabilitation. Method: A quantitative, observational research was conducted on eight patients (four male, four female) from 45 to 65 years who went on a structured 12-week rehabilitation program divided into four phases. Range of motion was assessed at the start and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks with a goniometer. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize mean values and progression across phases. Repeated measures analysis of variance was applied to examine changes in range of motion over time, and an independent samples t-test was used to compare gender differences. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Notable improvements were observed across all shoulder movements (p < 0.05). Functional elevation, abduction, and extension were restored by week 8-12, while internal and external rotations showed slower recovery. There were no statistically significant gender differences in the time to achieve full range of motion. However, a lower initial range of motion correlated with prolonged rehabilitation duration, indicating prognostic importance. Conclusion: A phased and standardized rehabilitation protocol is effective for restoring full shoulder range of motion within 6-12 weeks after non-operative proximal humerus fractures. Gender does not influence recovery outcomes, while initial range of motion serves as important predictor of rehabilitation duration, supporting individualized rehabilitation planning.